[Bldg-sim] transfer functions

[Jeff Haberl]

Hello:

Here are a few references that can help from a presentation I just finished for the ACI about the history of heating/cooling load calcs, a fascinating journey over the last 12 months: 

A few hints...

First, to fully appreciate transfer functions you need to read Mackey and Wright, the precursor paper that was written in the 1940s, it introduced the concept of sol-air temperature and included a decrement factor and phase angle.

Then, the most cited papers are Stephenson and Mitalas, Mitalas and Stephenson, and Mitalas, in the 1960s, which built on the earlier work in the 1950s by Brisken and Reque (1956) and Hill (1957). Don't forget at this time that FORTRAN was becoming available, which also played an important role.

The idea of a thermal network came first in 1944 as an undergraduate student project at MIT, followed by the ASHRAE research project by Buchberg on an analog computer at UCLA. 

There were also some great historical papers by Kusuda, Hittle and Sowell, Ayres and Stamper and Shavit that are a must reads. Hittle's PhD thesis is probably the most likely the best single explanation of transfer functions. I'd also read Lockmanhekim, and Cumali for an early appreciation of DOE-1 and DOE-2 family of codes, and of course get your hands on early reports and papers by Klein and Beckman that discuss TRNSYS. 

Radiant time series are the next development after transfer functions (i.e., Spitler). Finally, the RMI preread document also helps in knitting it all together. We also have history reports on our web page and one master diagram in the works as well (i.e., traces simulation algorithms for heating, cooling, lighting, daylighting, passive solar, active solar, PV and inverse models).

Hope this helps.

Jeff
 
Selected references:

Mackey, C.O., Wright, L.T., 1944. Periodic Heat Flow - Homogeneous Walls or Roofs. ASHVE Journal, Vol.16, pp. 546-555.

Stewart, J.P. 1948. Solar Heat Gain through Walls and Roofs for Cooling Load Calculations. ASHVE Transaction, Vol.54.

Buchberg, H., 1958. Cooling Load from Thermal Network Solutions. ASHAE Transactions, Vol.64, pp. 111-128.

Stamper, E. 1995. ASHRAE's Development of Computerized Energy Calculations for Buildings.  ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 101, pp.768-772.

Stephenson, D.G., Mitlas, G.P. 1967. Cooling Load Calculations by Thermal response Factor Method. . ASHRAE Transaction, Vol.73, Pt.1, pp.1-7.

Mitalas, G.P. 1972. Transfer Function Method of Calculating Cooling Loads, Heat Extraction Rate, and Space Temperature. ASHRAE Journal, Vol. 14, No. 12.

Rudoy, W., Duran, F. 1974. ASHRAE RP-138 Development of an Improved Cooling Load Calculation Method. ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 81(2), pp.19-69.

Spliter, J.D., Fisher, D.E., Pedersen, C.O. 1997. The Radiant Time Series Cooling Load Calculation Procedure. ASHRAE Transactions, Vol.103, Part 2,pp.503-515.

Lockmanhekim, M., ed. 1971. Computer Program for Analysis of Energy Utilization in Postal Facilities. Vols. I, II, and III. Proposed at U.S. Postal Service Symposium. Washington, DC. 

Kendra Tupper. 2011. Pre-Read for BEM Innovation Summit. Retrieved September 23, 2011, from http://www.rmi.org/Content/Files/Summit_PreRead_Apr-19-2011(2).pdf

Hittle, D.C. 1977. The Building Loads Analysis and System Thermodynamics Program (BLAST). Champaign, IL: U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL).

Cumali, Z.O. 1978. DOE-1: A New State-of-the-Art Computer Program for the Energy
Utilization Analysis of Buildings. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, LBL-7836.

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Jeff S. Haberl, Ph.D.,P.E., FASHRAE.............. jhaberl at tamu.edu 

Professor............................................................Office Ph: 979-845-6507

Department of Architecture.............................Lab Ph:979-845-6065

Energy Systems Laboratory.............................FAX: 979-862-2457

Texas A&M University.....................................77843-3581

College Station, Texas, USA, 77843..................URL:www.esl.tamu.edu

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-----Original Message-----
From: bldg-sim-bounces at lists.onebuilding.org [mailto:bldg-sim-bounces at lists.onebuilding.org] On Behalf Of Chris Jones
Sent: Tuesday, May 22, 2012 9:26 AM
To: leen peeters; bldg-sim at lists.onebuilding.org
Subject: Re: [Bldg-sim] transfer functions

I like to refer to Joe Clark's book, "Energy simulation in building design".  ISBN 0-85274-797-7

At 03:00 PM 19/05/2012, leen peeters wrote:
>Hi all,
>
>I am looking for a clear but comprehensive description of the transfer 
>functions approach in building simulation. Something I can use as a 
>starting point for students ...
>
>thanks,
>
>Leen
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 >>
Christopher Jones, P.Eng.
Suite 1801, 1 Yonge Street
Toronto, ON M5E1W7
Tel. 416-203-7465
Fax. 416-946-1005
email cj at enersave.ca

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